
Paper Airplane Engineering: A Multidisciplinary Exploration
Inquiry Framework
Question Framework
Driving Question
The overarching question that guides the entire project.How can we design and modify paper airplanes, using mathematical and physical principles, artistic elements, and geographical considerations, to optimize their flight distance and accuracy in varying weather conditions?Essential Questions
Supporting questions that break down major concepts.- How do different paper airplane designs affect flight distance and accuracy?
- What mathematical principles can be used to optimize paper airplane design?
- How do geography and weather conditions affect flight?
- How do the principles of physics apply to paper airplane flight?
- How can art principles be used to enhance the design and aesthetics of paper airplanes?
Standards & Learning Goals
Learning Goals
By the end of this project, students will be able to:- Apply mathematical principles to optimize paper airplane design.
- Investigate the impact of different paper airplane designs on flight distance and accuracy.
- Explore the influence of geography and weather conditions on flight.
- Apply physics principles to paper airplane flight.
- Incorporate art principles to enhance the design and aesthetics of paper airplanes.
Entry Events
Events that will be used to introduce the project to studentsThe Paper Airplane Crash Investigation
The teacher stages a 'paper airplane crash site' in the classroom, complete with scattered plane debris and a simulated 'black box' recording hinting at design flaws. Students act as investigators, analyzing the wreckage to identify potential aerodynamic issues and brainstorm solutions for improved flight.The Paper Airplane Material Challenge
Each student receives a different type of paper (various weights, textures, sizes) and must create a paper airplane. They then test each plane and record the data (distance, flight time, accuracy). This experiential activity introduces the concept of variables and the importance of controlled experiments.Portfolio Activities
Portfolio Activities
These activities progressively build towards your learning goals, with each submission contributing to the student's final portfolio.Geometry in Flight
Students explore basic geometric shapes and their impact on airplane design. They will construct paper airplanes using different shapes (e.g., rectangular wings, triangular wings) and measure their flight performance.Steps
Here is some basic scaffolding to help students complete the activity.Final Product
What students will submit as the final product of the activityA portfolio page with different paper airplane designs, each labeled with geometric properties and flight data.Alignment
How this activity aligns with the learning objectives & standardsLearning Goal: Apply mathematical principles to optimize paper airplane design.Design Dynamics
Students will systematically alter design elements of a paper airplane (wing size, fold types, fuselage width) and assess the impact on flight. This activity introduces experimental design and data analysis.Steps
Here is some basic scaffolding to help students complete the activity.Final Product
What students will submit as the final product of the activityAn experimental report detailing the design modifications, data collected, and conclusions about the impact of each modification on flight distance and accuracy.Alignment
How this activity aligns with the learning objectives & standardsLearning Goal: Investigate the impact of different paper airplane designs on flight distance and accuracy.Geography and Weather's Wing
Students investigate how geographical factors (altitude, wind direction) and weather conditions (temperature, humidity) affect paper airplane flight.Steps
Here is some basic scaffolding to help students complete the activity.Final Product
What students will submit as the final product of the activityA research report analyzing the effects of geography and weather on flight performance, supported by data from flight tests conducted in different conditions.Alignment
How this activity aligns with the learning objectives & standardsLearning Goal: Explore the influence of geography and weather conditions on flight.Physics of Flight
Students will analyze the forces acting on a paper airplane during flight (lift, drag, thrust, gravity) and explore how design modifications can optimize these forces.Steps
Here is some basic scaffolding to help students complete the activity.Final Product
What students will submit as the final product of the activityA presentation explaining the physics principles governing paper airplane flight, including diagrams illustrating the forces and design features that affect them.Alignment
How this activity aligns with the learning objectives & standardsLearning Goal: Apply physics principles to paper airplane flight.Artistic Aeronautics
Students will explore how art principles (color, balance, form) can be applied to paper airplane design to improve their visual appeal and potentially influence flight performance.Steps
Here is some basic scaffolding to help students complete the activity.Final Product
What students will submit as the final product of the activityA collection of paper airplanes showcasing different art principles, along with a written reflection on how these principles enhance the airplane's design.Alignment
How this activity aligns with the learning objectives & standardsLearning Goal: Incorporate art principles to enhance the design and aesthetics of paper airplanes.Rubric & Reflection
Portfolio Rubric
Grading criteria for assessing the overall project portfolioGeometry in Flight Rubric
Geometric Design and Analysis
Assessment of how students incorporate geometric principles into their paper airplane designs and analysis.Geometric Accuracy
Accuracy of geometric calculations and measurements.
Exemplary
4 PointsDemonstrates precise geometric calculations and measurements with no errors.
Proficient
3 PointsDemonstrates accurate geometric calculations and measurements with minimal errors.
Developing
2 PointsDemonstrates some understanding of geometric calculations and measurements with noticeable errors.
Beginning
1 PointsStruggles with geometric calculations and measurements, resulting in significant errors.
Geometric Application
Application of geometric principles in paper airplane designs.
Exemplary
4 PointsApplies geometric principles innovatively to create unique and effective paper airplane designs.
Proficient
3 PointsApplies geometric principles effectively to create functional paper airplane designs.
Developing
2 PointsApplies geometric principles inconsistently, resulting in limited functionality of paper airplane designs.
Beginning
1 PointsStruggles to apply geometric principles in paper airplane designs.
Explanation Clarity
Clarity of explanation on how geometric shapes influence flight performance.
Exemplary
4 PointsProvides a comprehensive and insightful explanation of how geometric shapes influence the flight performance of each plane.
Proficient
3 PointsProvides a clear explanation of how geometric shapes influence the flight performance of each plane.
Developing
2 PointsProvides a basic explanation of how geometric shapes influence the flight performance of each plane, but lacks depth.
Beginning
1 PointsStruggles to explain how geometric shapes influence the flight performance of each plane.