The Industrial Roots of Gatsby’s American Dream
Inquiry Framework
Question Framework
Driving Question
The overarching question that guides the entire project.How did the Industrial Revolution redefine the American Dream as a conflict between material progress and social identity for the characters in The Great Gatsby?Essential Questions
Supporting questions that break down major concepts.- How did the shift from an agrarian to an industrial economy fundamentally redefine the 'American Dream' for Nick, Gatsby, and the Buchanans?
- In what ways does the 'Valley of Ashes' serve as a literal and symbolic critique of industrial progress?
- How did the mass production of goods (like the automobile) change the way characters in the novel express their identity and social status?
- To what extent did the Industrial Revolution create the rigid social barriers between 'Old Money' and 'New Money' that Gatsby fails to cross?
- How does the tension between human emotion and industrial materialism lead to the tragic conclusion of the novel?
Standards & Learning Goals
Learning Goals
By the end of this project, students will be able to:- Students will analyze how the socio-economic shifts of the Industrial Revolution influenced character motivations and the evolution of the 'American Dream' in The Great Gatsby.
- Students will evaluate Fitzgerald’s use of industrial symbols (e.g., the Valley of Ashes, the automobile) to critique the environmental and moral costs of material progress.
- Students will synthesize historical context with literary text to argue how the rise of mass production created the rigid social stratification between 'Old Money' and 'New Money.'
- Students will communicate complex ideas regarding the tension between human identity and industrial materialism through a multi-modal project or presentation.
Common Core State Standards (ELA)
Entry Events
Events that will be used to introduce the project to studentsGhost in the Machine: The Car as Industrial Icon
Students analyze the 'Yellow Car' not just as a murder weapon, but as the pinnacle of Industrial Revolution technology—the assembly line. They are challenged to design a museum exhibit that traces the evolution from the steam engine to Gatsby’s Rolls-Royce, exploring how 'speed' transformed American morality and social mobility.Portfolio Activities
Portfolio Activities
These activities progressively build towards your learning goals, with each submission contributing to the student's final portfolio.The Progress & Paradox Museum Exhibit
Students will bring together their Archive, their Blueprints, and their Autopsy to create a comprehensive Museum Exhibit titled 'Progress & Paradox.' This exhibit must answer the driving question: How did the Industrial Revolution redefine the American Dream? The exhibit will be curated to show the evolution from steam-powered hope to the industrial-sized tragedy of Jay Gatsby.Steps
Here is some basic scaffolding to help students complete the activity.Final Product
What students will submit as the final product of the activityA 'Progress & Paradox' Museum Exhibit (physical or digital) that includes a thematic statement, curated artifacts from previous activities, and a final reflective essay (750 words) on the conflict between material progress and social identity.Alignment
How this activity aligns with the learning objectives & standardsAligns with CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.11-12.4 (presenting information and supporting evidence) and RL.11-12.3. This is the cumulative activity where students synthesize all previous research into a final cohesive argument.Rubric & Reflection
Portfolio Rubric
Grading criteria for assessing the overall project portfolioThe Progress & Paradox Museum Exhibit Rubric
Historical & Literary Integration
Assessment of the student's ability to integrate historical research about the Industrial Revolution with an analysis of Fitzgerald's narrative.Historical & Literary Synthesis (RL.11-12.9, W.11-12.7)
Evaluates the student's ability to demonstrate how the Industrial Revolution (mass production, shift from agrarian economy) fundamentally reshaped the 'American Dream' and social hierarchies in the novel.
Exemplary
4 PointsDemonstrates a sophisticated and nuanced synthesis of historical context and literary text. Articulates complex causal links between industrial advancements (e.g., the assembly line) and the rigid social stratification between 'Old Money' and 'New Money.' Insightfully connects the 'Valley of Ashes' to the environmental and moral costs of progress.
Proficient
3 PointsDemonstrates a thorough understanding of historical context. Clearly explains how industrial shifts influenced character motivations and the evolution of the American Dream. Uses specific evidence from the text to support the historical connection between material progress and social identity.
Developing
2 PointsShows an emerging understanding of the connection between the Industrial Revolution and the novel. Identifies industrial symbols (like the car or the Valley of Ashes) but the analysis of their historical significance to the American Dream is inconsistent or surface-level.
Beginning
1 PointsShows initial understanding of the era but struggles to apply historical concepts to the literature. Fails to make a meaningful connection between industrialism and the characters' social status or identity. Work is largely descriptive rather than analytical.
Thematic Analysis & Argumentation
Assessment of the student's ability to analyze the evolution of the 'American Dream' and thematic conflicts.Thematic Analysis (RL.11-12.2, RL.11-12.3)
Measures the depth of analysis regarding how the tension between human emotion/identity and industrial materialism leads to the novel's tragic conclusion.
Exemplary
4 PointsProvides a profound analysis of theme development, showing how material progress and human emotion interact to create a complex account of tragedy. The thematic plaque offers a compelling, original answer to the Driving Question that transcends the text.
Proficient
3 PointsDetermines two or more themes and analyzes their development throughout the exhibit. The thematic plaque clearly and effectively answers the Driving Question by referencing the conflict between material progress and social identity.
Developing
2 PointsIdentifies themes related to the American Dream but provides a basic analysis of their development. The thematic plaque answers the Driving Question but lacks depth or relies on generalizations about the 1920s.
Beginning
1 PointsStruggles to identify or develop complex themes. The thematic plaque is missing or fails to address the Driving Question, providing little insight into the conflict between progress and identity.
Organization & Curation
Assessment of the structural logic, aesthetic choices, and narrative flow of the physical or digital museum exhibit.Curation & Exhibit Design (RL.11-12.3)
Evaluates the organization and curation of the exhibit components (Archive, Blueprints, Autopsy) and the overall narrative flow of the museum experience.
Exemplary
4 PointsCurates a seamless, narrative-driven exhibit that tells a powerful story of the 1920s. The 'Blueprints' and 'Archive' are integrated innovatively, using symbolic placement and professional-grade organization to guide the viewer through the 'Progress & Paradox' theme.
Proficient
3 PointsOrganizes all portfolio pieces into a logical flow that clearly represents the 1920s. The exhibit is well-curated, with each section (Archive, Blueprints, Autopsy) contributing to a cohesive understanding of the 'Progress & Paradox' concept.
Developing
2 PointsIncludes most required components, but the flow between the 'Archive' and the 'Autopsy' is somewhat disjointed. The exhibit provides a list of artifacts rather than a curated narrative of industrial impact.
Beginning
1 PointsThe exhibit is disorganized or incomplete. Major components like the 'Blueprints' or 'Archive' are missing or unrelated, making it difficult for the viewer to follow the connection between literature and history.
Communication & Metacognition
Assessment of the student's ability to communicate findings to an audience and reflect on the learning process.Communication & Reflection (SL.11-12.4)
Evaluates the final reflective essay and the Gallery Walk presentation for clarity, evidence-based reasoning, and metacognitive growth.
Exemplary
4 PointsDelivers a persuasive, high-level presentation during the Gallery Walk, handling complex questions with ease. The reflective essay (750 words) offers sophisticated synthesis, demonstrating deep metacognition regarding the end of the Industrial Revolution and its impact on the novel’s conclusion.
Proficient
3 PointsPresents findings clearly and with a distinct perspective during the Gallery Walk. The reflective essay successfully synthesizes the novel's conclusion with historical reality, providing clear evidence of learning and growth.
Developing
2 PointsCommunicates basic ideas during the Gallery Walk but may struggle to answer probing questions. The reflective essay is present but tends to summarize the plot or history rather than synthesize the two into a personal reflection on growth.
Beginning
1 PointsPresentation is disorganized or lacks supporting evidence. The reflective essay is incomplete, significantly under the word count, or fails to address the intersection of the novel's end and industrial history.