
Trans-Saharan Slave Trade: Impact on Africa
Inquiry Framework
Question Framework
Driving Question
The overarching question that guides the entire project.How did the trans-Saharan slave trade reshape the political, economic, and social landscape of African societies, contributing to both the rise and fall of empires, and influencing cultural identities and resistance movements, ultimately impacting Africa's global relationships?Essential Questions
Supporting questions that break down major concepts.- How did the trans-Saharan slave trade impact the political, economic, and social structures of African societies?
- In what ways did the slave trade contribute to the growth and decline of empires in West and Central Africa?
- How did the experiences of enslaved Africans shape their cultural identities and resistance movements?
- What were the long-term consequences of the trans-Saharan slave trade on Africa's relationship with the rest of the world?
Standards & Learning Goals
Learning Goals
By the end of this project, students will be able to:- Students will be able to analyze the causes and consequences of the trans-Saharan slave trade, including its impact on African societies, empires, and global relationships.
State Standards
Entry Events
Events that will be used to introduce the project to studentsThe Puzzle of the Sahara
Students encounter a fragmented map of Africa and a collection of unfamiliar artifacts (replica cowrie shells, salt slabs, gold dust). They must piece together the map and deduce the significance of the artifacts, sparking curiosity about the trade routes and the valuable commodities exchanged across the Sahara.A Day in Koumbi Saleh
Students are immersed in a simulated bustling marketplace of ancient Koumbi Saleh. Through role-playing as merchants, traders, and storytellers, they experience firsthand the vibrant cultural exchange and economic activity that existed alongside the slave trade.Portfolio Activities
Portfolio Activities
These activities progressively build towards your learning goals, with each submission contributing to the student's final portfolio.Whispers of the Desert: Untold Stories
Students will research and create biographical narratives of individuals impacted by the trans-Saharan slave trade, representing diverse perspectives such as enslaved people, merchants, and rulers.Steps
Here is some basic scaffolding to help students complete the activity.Final Product
What students will submit as the final product of the activityA collection of biographical narratives that offer diverse perspectives on the human impact of the trans-Saharan slave trade.Alignment
How this activity aligns with the learning objectives & standardsThis activity aligns with Standard 2 (The advent of the trans-Saharan slave trade had profound effects on both West and Central Africa and the receiving societies) by exploring the human impact of the slave trade.Echoes Across Time: The Legacy of the Slave Trade
Students will analyze the long-term impacts of the trans-Saharan slave trade on African societies and their relationship with the rest of the world, examining its contribution to the rise and fall of empires and its influence on later periods of African history.Steps
Here is some basic scaffolding to help students complete the activity.Final Product
What students will submit as the final product of the activityAn analytical essay or presentation exploring the lasting consequences of the trans-Saharan slave trade.Alignment
How this activity aligns with the learning objectives & standardsThis activity aligns with Standard 2 by investigating the social and political consequences of the slave trade, and with Standard 3 (European economic and cultural influence dramatically increased through explorations, conquests and colonization) by examining the connection between the trans-Saharan trade and later European involvement in Africa.Rubric & Reflection
Portfolio Rubric
Grading criteria for assessing the overall project portfolioTrans-Saharan Slave Trade Exploration Rubric
Historical Analysis
Evaluating students' ability to research and interpret historical events and their impacts.Research Depth
Quality and depth of research conducted on historical figures and events.
Exemplary
4 PointsConducts thorough research using a variety of primary and secondary sources, demonstrating sophisticated understanding.
Proficient
3 PointsConducts adequate research using relevant sources, demonstrating solid understanding.
Developing
2 PointsConducts limited research with basic sources, demonstrating emerging understanding.
Beginning
1 PointsConducts minimal research, using few sources, demonstrating initial understanding.
Historical Accuracy
Accuracy in representing historical events and figures in narratives.
Exemplary
4 PointsNarratives are consistently accurate and based on credible historical evidence.
Proficient
3 PointsNarratives are mostly accurate with minor factual inaccuracies.
Developing
2 PointsNarratives contain several factual inaccuracies.
Beginning
1 PointsNarratives are inaccurate and lack credible evidence.
Narrative Creation
Evaluating the quality and engagement of student narratives in conveying historical experiences.Engagement and Creativity
Ability to engage the audience through creative and compelling narrative writing, incorporating historical details.
Exemplary
4 PointsNarratives are highly engaging, creative, and effectively use historical details to evoke a vivid story.
Proficient
3 PointsNarratives are engaging, with good use of historical details that effectively support the story.
Developing
2 PointsNarratives show some engagement and creativity, but with inconsistent use of historical details.
Beginning
1 PointsNarratives lack engagement and creativity, with minimal use of historical details.
Critical Examination
Assessing students' ability to critically analyze and draw connections between historical events and their long-term impacts.Argument Development
The strength and coherence of the argument regarding the slave trade's long-term impacts.
Exemplary
4 PointsPresents a well-developed, coherent argument with strong evidence and critical insight.
Proficient
3 PointsPresents a clear argument with adequate evidence and reasonable insight.
Developing
2 PointsPresents a basic argument with limited evidence and insight.
Beginning
1 PointsPresents a vague or incoherent argument with little to no evidence.
Connection to Contemporary Issues
Ability to link historical impacts of the slave trade to current global relationships and issues.
Exemplary
4 PointsConsistently draws insightful connections between historical and contemporary issues.
Proficient
3 PointsDraws clear connections between historical and contemporary issues.
Developing
2 PointsAttempts to draw connections with limited clarity.
Beginning
1 PointsStruggles to draw connections between historical and contemporary issues.